广州东山肉菜市场改造(广州越秀区菜市场升级改造)

▲彩色，诗意的日常

奥默默工作室近期被委任承担广州新河浦历史文化街区地城市更新项目，并完成了东山肉菜市场的建筑室内景观一体化设计改造。基于以往在城市微更新领域丰富的项目经验和学术思考，对文化底色挖掘，日常性塑造，厘清空间脉络，打造激活点，地域元素提炼等微更新的设计策略再次在这一项目得到应用。用专业设计能力，在改善提升空间品质同时，为新河浦历史文化街区再塑文化。

Oumoumou Studio has recently been appointed to undertake the urban renewal project of the Xin Hepu Historic District in Guangzhou, and has completed the architectural, interior and landscape integration design and transformation of Dongshan Meat and Vegetable Market. Based on the diverse past experience with urban revitalization and academic research, strategies of in-depth cultural study, shaping dailyness, clarifying spatial context, creating activation points, and extracting regional elements are again employed in this project. With professional design capabilities, Oumoumou Studio has managed to improve spatial quality and reshape the culture of the Xin Hepu historic District simultaneously.

传统空间更新的意义不仅在于物质性的场景，也是对于柴米油盐酱醋茶的生活场景之重构。一个重新焕发生机的历史场所，融入使用需求和当代生活方式，就是对于传统菜场文化的再定义。

The significance of renovating traditional space is not only about the physical and material environment, but also the reconstruction of daily life scenarios involving cooking and eating. A rejuvenated historical site that incorporates user needs and contemporary lifestyle is the redefinition of traditional market culture.

对于菜市场这一项目类型，奥默默设计团队并不陌生，之前完成愚园路菜市场改造。在城市高速发展今天，菜市场成为链接社区情感的重要场所，以“民以食为天”串联起来的烟火气，在菜市场得到集中体现，同时，其解决了外来务工者工作需求的社会问题，成为城市保持多元化活力的重要组成部分。与其他类型城市微更新相比，菜市场更新改造更重要的是解决日常性问题，让周边使用者能够放松地社交，增加邻里沟通机会，为人气、烟火气的聚集提供更轻松氛围，从而激活社区文化，增加归属感，焕发活力。

Oumoumou Studio is no stranger to market renovation with the experience of renewing Yuyuan Road market before. With rapid urbanization, markets have become an important place to the bonding of community. Markets celebrates Chinese food culture where food is considered the most fundamental to life. At the same time, it solves the social problem of meeting the needs of migrant workers and become an important part of the city to maintain its diversity and vitality. Compared with other types of urban micro-renewal, the renewal of food market aims to solve daily problems that benefit the local residents, allowing them to socialize and communicate in a relaxed atmosphere. The market acts as a community catalyst that creates vitality, a sense of belonging and culture unique to the community.

日常性：一种广州

Dailyness: One Kind of Guangzhou

试图用日常的一天来比喻城市的兴衰，那么，她的历史似乎很短。可人类的创造从每日的生活中而来，城市应是有一种恒久的引领，日以继夜。

If we use a day in the daily life as a metaphor of the rise and fall of a city, then the city’s history seems to be very short. But the creation of mankind comes from daily life, therefore the city should have a kind of permanent guidance that lasts from day to night.

▲区位图

东山片区（今新河浦历史文化街区）坐落于有两千多年历史的广州城，从明代得名伊始到20世纪二三十年代华侨投资建设至今，留下诸多历史遗迹，遍布政治、文化名人故居，是广州的近代文化名片。

Dongshan District (now known as Xin Hepu Historic District) is located in Guangzhou with a history of more than two thousand years. From the beginning of Ming Dynasty to the investment of and development by overseas Chinese in the 1920s and 1930s, it has left many historical relics and the former residences of political and cultural celebrities. The legacy of Xin Hepu signifies the modern culture of Guangzhou.

▲千年广州黄埔古港口

▲近代广州的红色文化和岭南民俗

东山也是最具有广州精神的地方。所谓“广州精神”，在自古就有的对外通商贸易文化和19世纪末的现代性进程中，传统的岭南风光，骑楼街等近代文化景观透露的华侨开发历史，红色文化旅游等全球化现象，以及居民聊天、买菜等市井生活场景，共同述说着城市“日常性”的生活。

Dongshan is where the Guangzhou spirit is at its peak. The so-called “Guangzhou Spirit” refers to the history of overseas Chinese development, which is demonstrated by the traditional Lingnan scenery, modern cultural landscapes such as the arcaded street, red culture tourism and other global phenomena in the history of overseas commission and the nineteenth-century modernization since ancient times, and the scenes of residents chatting and buying groceries along bustling streets. These moments together describe the “dailyness” in the city.

▲当代广州的市井生活v

▲东山肉菜市场改造后主入口

▲东山肉菜市场廊道改造后

人间烟火，一片东山

The beauty of down-to-earth-ness in Dongshan

室外改造策略：骑楼

Exterior Renovation Strategy: Qi Lou (Arcaded Porch)

项目所在地东山片区（今新河浦历史文化街区）坐落于有两千多年历史的广州城，明代得名， 20世纪二三十年代华侨在此投资建设，为原本寂静区域带来经济商业活动，成为繁华之地，发展至今，留下诸多历史遗迹，遍布政治、文化名人故居，是广州的近代文化名片。

The project is located in the Dongshan area (now known as the Xin Hepu Historic District) in Guangzhou, which has a history of more than two thousand years. It was named after the Ming Dynasty. Overseas Chinese had made investments and started constructions here in the 1920s and 1930s, bringing economic and commercial activities to this under developed area. It has become a prosperous place and has developed to this day, leaving behind many historical relics and the former residences of political and cultural celebrities. It is the modern cultural business card of Guangzhou.

▲1923年东山全景图

时光流转，繁华不息。临近东山肉菜市场的龟岗大马路这条近代的商业街道在20世纪中旬便商业贸易活动频繁，道路两边的传统骑楼建筑成为重要空间特点，建筑风貌特征明显。菜市场的前身即以社区自发性的建造出现于两栋居民楼之间，服务于居民，体现对于居民来说不可或缺的日常生活气息。

The city thrives and grows as time goes by. Guigang Road near the Dongshan Meat and Vegetable Market, a modern commercial street, had busy commercial and trade activities in the middle of the 20th century. The traditional Qi Lou arcade buildings on both sides of the road have become a special icon of the space with its notable architectural features. The predecessor of the market appeared between two residential buildings as the result of spontaneous construction of the community, serving the residents and reflecting the vitality of daily life that is indispensable to the residents.

▲龟岗大马路行为观察

以三大会址历史文化区构成的红色革命建筑文化、侨资开发社区蕴含的侨资文化，以及龟岗大马路商业街为主的市井生活，共同构成设计依据来源的三条线索。合理处理好三种文化的关系，在提升基本品质的基础上，做好文化再塑造成为此次设计重点。东山肉菜市场嘈杂的、凌乱的空间与原有基地上存在的红色文化、侨资文化以及现代高品质生活空间的诉求相差甚远。周边使用者并不愿意在此过多停留，在里面购物的过程也并不能带来良好购物体验。局促的、缺乏标识性的入口空间，菜场内部混杂的交通流线，通廊空间显得较为局促，给人昏暗、潮湿，杂乱缺乏统一设计协调的店招，以及各类随意架设的电线管道，使空间品质亟需提升。

The noisy and unorganized space of Dongshan Meat and Vegetable Market is inconsistent with the red cultural site, overseas Chinese cultural relics and modern high-quality living space on the original site. Surrounding residents and visitors are not willing to stay here over long period of time, and the process of shopping inside is far from pleasant. The cramped and unmarked entrance, the unsorted traffic, the narrow corridor space with dim, damp, cluttered store signs lacking unified design, and different kinds of randomly erected wires and pipes all indicate the space quality needs to be improved urgently.

▲繁华的商业氛围

▲拥挤的公共空间

此外，业主也要求在不停业的情形下完成快速改造更新，施工时间只能放在晚上，所以预制化，快速安装的建造方式被首先采用。

In addition, the commissioner also requires rapid renovation and renewal without shutting down the business. The construction time can only take place at night, so prefabrication and efficient installation methods were adopted first.

▲现状问题

设计策略：打造活力公共空间

Design Strategy: Create Vital Public Space

▲骑楼界面设计分析

广州常见的骑楼底层沿街面后退且留出公共人行空间，提供了一种可停留驻足、聊天的灰空间，是非常典型的岭南空间形态，适合当地炎热的气候条件。设计在沿街立面加建了一组传统骑楼空间，提升建筑立面形象同时，增加避阴、停留的交往空间。“骑楼”空间采用拱廊形态，起到丰富空间作用。

The ground floor of the common Qi Lou in Guangzhou creates retreat along the street for public pedestrians. It provides a gray space where you can stop by and chat. It is a very typical Lingnan space form that is suitable for local hot weather conditions. The design incorporates a set of traditional Qi Lou spaces to elevate the facade of the building and enlarge space for cooling off, relaxing and having conversations. Qi Lou space adopts the form of arcades, which plays a role in enriching the spatial experience.

▲骑楼界面轴测图

在主入口处增加醒目雨棚，造型进行推敲，采用广州传统缓顶宽檐建筑形态，提升整体标志性，膜结构选材轻盈，呼应广州气候特点。入口进行空间梳理，清理了违章搭建，扩大空间，形成一个放大的空间节点，在其中植入公共艺术装置，满足通行要求的同时，增加休憩空间，同时预留出社区艺术共创空间，为未来引进更多商业创造条件。

At the main entrance, an eye-catching rain shed is added, and its form is designed with the context in mind. It adopts the Guangzhou’s traditional slow roof and wide eaves building form to enhance the overall iconicity. The membrane structure is light-weighted and echoes the climate characteristics of Guangzhou. The entrance is sorted out, the illegal construction is cleared, the space is expanded, and an magnified urban node is formed with public art installations implanted. The transformation of the entrance manages to fulfill the traffic requirements. increase the buffer zone, and reserve a community art co-creation space for the future simultaneously. These improvements create the conditions for future commercial activities.

▲基地沿街改造后

同时，也设置为复合性功能空间，也可举办一些与商业有关的艺术活动，吸引更多年轻人加入，为丰富周边社区功能提供空间上可能性。入口处采用彩色水磨石掺杂彩釉玻璃材料，呼应了广式彩色玻璃窗的传统文化元素。

At the same time, this Qi Lou area is also set up as a complex functional space where commercial art activities can also be held to attract more young people to join, which provides spatial possibilities for enriching the functions of the surrounding community. The entrance is constructed with colored terrazzo mixed with colored glazed glass, responding to the traditional cultural elements of Cantonese stained glass windows.

▲骑楼

冷暖人情，一方菜市

The Bittersweet Life in Market

室内改造策略：冷巷

Interior Renovation Strategy: “Cold” Lane

▲清末广州街头市场

菜市场从来不应该是脏乱差的代名词。

Meat and vegetable markets should never be equivalent to messy and dirty.

就本义来说，菜市场的场就是集，市场就是集市，菜市场也即集中农副产品买卖的场所，早在原始社会就有交换农产品的活动。我国自古菜市场设立条件十分考究，源自《周礼 · 考工记》曰，“国中九经九纬，经涂九轨，左祖右社，面朝后市，市朝一夫。” 而在我国过去的住区规划设计中，菜市场的建设并未被充分考虑，后由于居民需求，才得以自发建造、未经规划的面貌存在于现在的小区中。作为计划经济向市场经济转型期中一大举措，80年代我国政策才明确提出将菜市场纳入城市建设总体规划。

The Chinese word for “market” consists of two characters, “市” and “场,” where “场” means a place of gathering. The meat and vegetable market is also a place where agricultural products are bought and sold. Activities of exchanging agricultural products had taken place as early as in the primitive society. Since ancient times, there had been extensive and sophisticated study on the setting up of a vegetable market. It originated from the “Zhou Li·Kao Gong Ji”, which said, “The middle of a country has nine latitudes and nine latitudes passing nine tracks. The remains of ancestors should be placed on the left while the modern society should be placed on the right. They should face the back of the market, while the market faces people.” In the planning and design of residential areas in our country in the past, the construction of vegetable markets was not fully considered. Later, due to the needs of residents, markets were built spontaneously without specified guidelines in current communities. It was until China’s shift from planned economy to market economy in the 1980s that the policy has stated the vegetable market should be included in the overall urban construction plan.

▲最初的广州东山肉菜市场

相比于超市，菜场不仅拥有更低廉的价格、新鲜多样的本地食材，体现不同地域的饮食文化。同时菜场也是社区重要社交场所，周边的常住居民与零售菜贩往往熟悉，相熟的社区居民也会在菜场驻足和交谈，具有浓浓烟火气和人情味。此外，菜市场的从业人员多半是低端收入的外来务工人员，在城市化进程中为这部分人口保留低端需求空间，对于城市功能正常运转以及防止“绅士化”现象也提供积极作用。

Compared with supermarkets, vegetable markets not only offer more fresh and diverse local products at lower prices, but also reflect the authentic food culture of different regions. At the same time, the vegetable market is also an important social realm in the community. The local residents and vendors are often familiar with each other, and the acquainted community residents will have conversations in the vegetable market. These daily dialogue brings warmth to the community. In addition, most of the employees in the vegetable market are low-paid migrant worker. During the process of urbanization, the low demand space is reserved for this part of the population, which also plays a positive role in the normal operation of urban functions and the prevention of “gentrification”.

▲东山肉菜市场老照片

▲东山肉菜市场内部改造前

设计团队重新梳理原有市场通道，碉楼冷巷是广州园林典型空间形态，在对传统冷巷空间进行研究，对通道顶部采光进行调整，优化原先杂乱的内部空间，梳理招牌设计后营造更舒适内部空间。

The design team reorganized the original market passages. The “cold lanes” of towers are a typical spatial form of Guangzhou gardens. After studying the traditional cold lane spaces, adjusting the lighting at the top of the passages, optimizing the original squalid interior space, and combing the signboard, the interior space is made much more enjoyable.

▲冷巷界面设计分析

▲冷巷改造内部轴测图

传统空间更新的意义不仅在于物质性的场景，也是对于柴米油盐酱醋茶的生活场景之重构。一个重新焕发生机的历史场所，融入使用需求和当代生活方式，就是对于传统菜场文化的再定义。

The significance of renovating traditional space is not only about the physical and material environment, but also the reconstruction of daily life scenarios involving cooking and eating. A rejuvenated historical site that incorporates user needs and contemporary lifestyle is the redefinition of traditional market culture.

▲冷巷

▲摊位单元模块

▲摊位平面图

▲斜撑结构图

▲摊位剖面图

彩色，诗意的日常

Colors and the Poetic Dailyness

建构与色彩

Construction and Color

▲彩色结构示意

此次更新中，我们采用对比的设计策略来向原有厚重的文化致敬，用神似替代形似，并未使用具象的传统建筑元素，视觉上的轻松愉快的处理方式为使用者提供耳目一新的感觉。沿着整个片区的交通流线，赋予其一条五彩的、流动的、灵动的“彩色走廊”。在重要空间节点，包括建筑入口、院落出入口、廊道使用了覆盖全部路线的彩色荫蔽系统。大胆使用膜结构、鱼鳞网等现代材料，这些看起来更为时尚、简约、充满视觉冲击力的几何图形，漂浮在传统的空间里，让诗意成为真实。

For the renovation, we adopted a contrasting design strategy to pay tribute to the respected culture that emphasizes likeness of spirit over likeness of physical form. Instead of using concrete, objective traditional architectural elements, we decide to go with joyful, vibrant aesthetic choices that are refreshing and relaxing. Along the traffic flow line of the whole area, it is given a colorful, flowing and vivid “rainbow corridor”. At important space nodes, including building entrances, courtyard entrances, exits, and corridors, a color shading system covers all routes. Bold use of modern materials such as membrane structure and fish scale nets is made. These geometric figures are fashionable, abstract and full of visual impact. They hover in the traditional space and make poetic beauty the reality.

▲总体模型

膜结构：蔬果的颜色

membrane structure：color of the vegetable and fruit

▲膜结构：蔬果的颜色

我们在骑楼廊下天花的彩色膜结构装置设计中采用了菜场常见蔬菜水果的颜色，让使用者在熟悉的空间环境里，察觉到勃勃生机，这层荫蔽系统很轻质，拉索结构使其显得更为轻盈，符合菜市场空间意向。可拆卸的设计灵活可变，陶管的设计利于场地排水，为了呼应传统菜场的市井气息，也更多是象征未来。

We adopted the colors of common vegetables and fruits in vegetable markets in the design of the ceiling’s membrane structure under the arcade corridor, allowing users to perceive the vitality in the environment they are familiar with. This layer of shading system is very lightweight, and the cable structure makes it appear even lighter, in line with the imagery of the vegetable market space. The detachable design is flexible and changeable. The design of the ceramic pipe is conducive to the drainage of the site, responsive to the market’s bustling atmosphere, and representative of the market’s bright future.

▲模型

▲膜结构建成效果

彩色陶管作为膜结构的定制化排水系统，结合可拆卸的膜结构设计，呈现生态可持续的建筑细节。

The colorful ceramic pipes serve as the customized drainage system of membrane structure, the two structural systems together present ecologically sustainable architectural details.

▲定制化排水

▲定制化排水

▲细部节点

▲骑楼内立面图

▲骑楼外立面图

▲鱼鳞网：补色的韵律

室内市场廊道天花亦采用了蔬果的颜色，结合了补色的运用；与鱼鳞网的结合拼贴，呈现一种时尚的韵律。

The indoor corridor ceiling also adopts the colors of fruits and vegetables with the use of complementary colors; the collage of colors and the fish-scale mesh composes a fashionable rhythm.

▲模型

▲鱼鳞网建成效果

项目引入特色饮食、艺术创意等灵活可变业态，采用拉丝不锈钢等当代材料和传统的红砖拱廊、木制招牌相结合。

The project introduces flexible and variable types of retail such as specialty food and artistic creativity; it uses contemporary material such as brushed stainless steel that juxtaposes traditional red brick arcades and wooden signboards.

▲当地饮食

▲外部拱廊店面节点

▲外部拱廊钢结构立面图

拉索膜：万花筒光影

Wired Membrane Structure: Light and Shadow of Kaleidoscope

在龟岗菜场入口处，拉索艺术装置的引入整合了原有较为混乱的建筑界面店招和上空视觉效果较为杂乱的居民区，形成了统一的的视线连接。设计将原有室外特色饮食店面和拱廊、传统红砖元素结合，消解了街道的繁杂感。在彩色膜结构拉索之下，阳光投射于地面，呈现五彩斑斓的光影，这是日常的诗。

At the entrance of the market, the installation of wired membrane structure integrates the originally chaotic store fronts and residential areas, forming an uninterrupted visual connection. Our design combines specialty restaurants with arcade porch and red brick elements, which reduces the feeling of street congestion.

▲模型

▲拉索结构建成效果

▲阳光投射于地面

树池入口：红色记忆

Garden Entrance: Red Memory

树池无障碍入口结合花砖地面，图案具有传统广式风格，围合场地的古树打造舒适的氛围。考虑到当地老龄化的现状，我们在建筑的细部采用了无障碍设计和地面照明泛光灯光，便于社区居民行走和停留。与拉索膜结构一致，红色文化的色彩和空间比例元素也是对基地不远处三大会址的一处致敬。

The entrance of accessible ramp is combined with Cantonese style tiles, which creates a relaxing atmosphere together with the old trees surrounding the site. Considering the aging population in the region, the architecture utilizes accessible design and lighting along the rails, and these designs make it convenient for residents to walk and stop by at night. Similar to the wired membrane structure, the color palette and space ratio elements taken from red culture elements in this area is devoted to the Third National Congress of Communist Party of China.

▲模型

▲结合花坛树池的无障碍入口建成效果

▲从入口看向远处

▲节点细部建成效果

▲从入口看向远处

▲无障碍设计节点细部

▲花坛树池平面图

▲无障碍入口正面图

▲无障碍入口剖面B

更新，迎难而上

Renewal, Rise to the Challenge

施工过程

Construction Process

项目伊始，菜市场租户及周边社区居民对设计工作开展采取观望的态度，伴随调研工作开展，通过多次上门走访、工作坊等工作开展，使用者逐渐与设计团队熟络起来，吐露自身诉求，变得更为主动和积极。在进入到施工阶段时，他们更乐意参与监工，对发现问题也愿意找设计团队沟通，因为他们知道专业设计师可以帮他们获得最优解。很多原来在图纸上没有考虑周全的细节问题，也在相互磨合中变得更为完善，从调研、设计、到施工过程中，这些在地使用者不知不觉中参与到设计中来，也帮助他们重新发现早已熟悉环境中蕴藏丰富历史信息，再次找回文化上归属感，也参与到日后更长期的共建共治过程中。

At the beginning of the project, the tenants of the vegetable market and surrounding community residents took a wait-and-see attitude towards the development of the design work. With the development of the research work, through many door-to-door visits and workshops, the residents gradually got acquainted with the design team and expressed their own demands. They become more proactive and positive; when entering the construction stage, they are more willing to participate in supervision and communicate with the design team when they find problems, because they know that professional designers can help them to achieve the best solution. Many unconsidered detail issues in the drawings are perfected in the mutual cooperation. Through the research, design and construction process, these local residents unknowingly participated in the design, and also help They rediscovered the rich historical information contained in the environment they were already familiar with. They once again found a sense of cultural belonging and participated in the longer-term process of co-construction and co-governance in the future.

▲立面材料施工现场

由于材料扭曲不挺，主立面材料由一开始的镜面不锈钢改为磨砂不锈钢，最后改为阳光板，也更具有通透和干净的效果。由于预留制作时间不足，最终的立面材料阳光板由钉子拼接而成，建造工人就势将钉子排布形成韵律感，达到美观效果。

Due to the distortion of the material, the material of the main façade was changed from mirror-finished stainless steel to frosted stainless steel at the beginning, and was again changed to polycarbonate hollow sheet at the final stage, which is more transparent and clean. Due to insufficient production time, the polycarbonate hollow sheet is spliced by nails, and the construction workers will arrange the nails to form a sense of rhythm and achieve a beautiful effect.

▲最初主入口立面材料施工后

室内市场廊道天花屋顶结构在设计施工过程中经历了三次修改。由一开始的拱顶改为平顶，最后呈现为优化之后的拱顶。在施工过程中，方案中天花原本采用的拱廊膜结构根据现场梁柱情况改为了鱼鳞网，表面彩色喷绘，更好地适应场地条件。

The ceiling structure of the indoor market corridor has undergone three revisions during the design and construction process. The vault at the beginning was changed to a flat roof, and finally it was changed to an optimized vault. During the construction process, the arcade membrane structure originally used in the ceiling was changed to fish-scale nets according to the conditions of the beams and columns on the site, and the surface was painted in color to better adapt to the site conditions.

▲原有梁柱结构

▲最初方案

▲最初方案施工后

拉索膜在施工的过程中由于现状建筑年代久远，结构管线无法判断，导致最终结构固定点选取了一处唯一解，设计范围不得不缩小，原有的两层拉索也减少为一层。

During the construction of the wired membrane, due to the age of the existing buildings, the structural pipelines could not be clearly identified. As a result, a unique solution was selected for the final structural fixed point. The design range had to be reduced, and the original two-layer cable was also reduced to one layer.

▲最终方案施工后

▲鸟瞰

城市更新也是一种广州精神

Urban Renewal is also One Type of Guangzhou Spirit

城市更新的目标不仅是令更多的居民和务工人员能更好地使用这个传统的公共场所，也在满足当代生活的需求的同时提升其文化性。更新后的菜市场吸引更多游客和外来艺术家了解到广州东山的地域文化，使用人群的多样化使得整个社区的活力提升，实现从一个脏乱的传统菜场转变为传播地域文化的当代活力公共空间。

The goal of urban renewal is to allow more residents and workers to make better use of this traditional public place to meet the needs of contemporary life while enhancing its cultural character. The updated market attract more tourists and artists to learn the regional culture of Dongshan, Guangzhou, and the diversified population injects new energy into the community. After the renovation, the transformation from a dirty traditional vegetable market to a vital space for public dissemination of contemporary culture is realized.

▲爆炸轴测图

在后现代旅游社会的话语范式下，居民、务工人员、往来的游客、外来艺术家等借助亲身体验以及社交媒体对于东山的传统气息、文化特质和当代生活方式进行感知。东山肉菜市场的更新就是一次对于“日常性”景观叙事的当代建构。

Governed by the ordinary worker paradigm of post-modern society tourism, residents, migrant workers, tourists, visiting artists, etc. rely on their own personal experience to rediscover and update Dongshan’s traditions, culture and contemporary population. The renovation is a narration and construct of the “dailyness.”

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